michael owen gambling

Michael Owen, a name synonymous with football excellence, has had a career that spans from the glory days of the English Premier League to the international stage. However, in recent years, his name has been more frequently associated with gambling, raising eyebrows and sparking debates. This article delves into the life of Michael Owen, exploring his journey from the football pitch to the world of gambling.Early Life and Football CareerChildhood and Early CareerBorn on December 14, 1979, in Chester, England.Showed prodigious talent in football from a young age.Joined Liverpool’s youth academy at the age of seven.Professional Career HighlightsMade his debut for Liverpool in 1996 at the age of 17.Scored 158 goals in 297 appearances for Liverpool.Won the Ballon d’Or in 2001, becoming the first English player to do so since Kevin Keegan in 1979.Played for clubs like Real Madrid, Newcastle United, Manchester United, and Stoke City.Represented England in three World Cups and two European Championships.Transition to the World of GamblingInitial InvolvementBegan his foray into the gambling industry in the late 2010s.Became an ambassador for BetVictor, a leading online gambling company.Business VenturesLaunched his own horse racing syndicate, “Michael Owen Racing.”Invested in various gambling-related ventures, including online casinos and sports betting platforms.Controversies and CriticismsCriticized for promoting gambling to a younger audience, given his status as a former football star.Accused of hypocrisy by some, given his public stance against gambling during his playing days.The Impact on His LegacyPublic PerceptionMixed reactions from fans and the public.Some view his involvement in gambling as a natural extension of his passion for sports.Others see it as a betrayal of his football legacy.Financial ImplicationsReports suggest significant financial gains from his gambling ventures.However, the long-term impact on his brand and reputation remains uncertain.Michael Owen’s journey from a football prodigy to a gambling entrepreneur is a complex narrative.

  • Cash King Palace
    new
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Palace
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Victory Slots Resort
    Spin to Win100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

michael owen gambling

Michael Owen, a name synonymous with football excellence, has had a career that spans from the glory days of the English Premier League to the international stage. However, in recent years, his name has been more frequently associated with gambling, raising eyebrows and sparking debates. This article delves into the life of Michael Owen, exploring his journey from the football pitch to the world of gambling.

Early Life and Football Career

Childhood and Early Career

  • Born on December 14, 1979, in Chester, England.
  • Showed prodigious talent in football from a young age.
  • Joined Liverpool’s youth academy at the age of seven.

Professional Career Highlights

  • Made his debut for Liverpool in 1996 at the age of 17.
  • Scored 158 goals in 297 appearances for Liverpool.
  • Won the Ballon d’Or in 2001, becoming the first English player to do so since Kevin Keegan in 1979.
  • Played for clubs like Real Madrid, Newcastle United, Manchester United, and Stoke City.
  • Represented England in three World Cups and two European Championships.

Transition to the World of Gambling

Initial Involvement

  • Began his foray into the gambling industry in the late 2010s.
  • Became an ambassador for BetVictor, a leading online gambling company.

Business Ventures

  • Launched his own horse racing syndicate, “Michael Owen Racing.”
  • Invested in various gambling-related ventures, including online casinos and sports betting platforms.

Controversies and Criticisms

  • Criticized for promoting gambling to a younger audience, given his status as a former football star.
  • Accused of hypocrisy by some, given his public stance against gambling during his playing days.

The Impact on His Legacy

Public Perception

  • Mixed reactions from fans and the public.
  • Some view his involvement in gambling as a natural extension of his passion for sports.
  • Others see it as a betrayal of his football legacy.

Financial Implications

  • Reports suggest significant financial gains from his gambling ventures.
  • However, the long-term impact on his brand and reputation remains uncertain.

Michael Owen’s journey from a football prodigy to a gambling entrepreneur is a complex narrative. While his achievements on the pitch are undeniable, his transition to the world of gambling has sparked debates and controversies. As he continues to navigate this new terrain, only time will tell how his decisions will shape his legacy.

betvictor owner

Introduction

BetVictor, a name synonymous with online gambling and sports betting, has carved a niche for itself in the competitive world of online entertainment. Behind the success of this brand is a visionary owner who has steered the company through various challenges and transformations. This article delves into the story of BetVictor and the strategic decisions made by its owner that have led to its prominence in the industry.

The Early Days: A Legacy of Innovation

Michael Tabor: The Visionary Behind BetVictor

Michael Tabor, the current owner of BetVictor, has been instrumental in shaping the company’s trajectory. Known for his astute business acumen and passion for gambling, Tabor has transformed BetVictor from a traditional bookmaker into a digital powerhouse.

The Transition to Online Gambling

  • Early Adoption of Technology: BetVictor was one of the first bookmakers to recognize the potential of the internet and transition to online gambling. This foresight allowed the company to capture a significant market share early on.
  • Diversification of Services: Under Tabor’s leadership, BetVictor expanded its offerings to include casino games, electronic slot machines, and a variety of sports betting options, including football betting.

Strategic Moves: Expanding the Brand

Global Reach

  • International Expansion: BetVictor has established a strong presence in various international markets, including Europe, Asia, and Africa. This global reach has been crucial in diversifying its revenue streams and reducing dependency on any single market.
  • Localization Efforts: The company has invested in understanding and catering to the preferences of local markets, ensuring that its products resonate with a diverse customer base.

Technological Advancements

  • Mobile Betting: Recognizing the growing trend of mobile usage, BetVictor developed a robust mobile platform that offers a seamless betting experience. This move has been pivotal in attracting and retaining tech-savvy customers.
  • Security and Compliance: BetVictor has prioritized security and compliance, ensuring that its platforms are secure and adhere to regulatory standards. This commitment has earned the trust of customers and regulators alike.

The Future of BetVictor: A Vision for Continued Growth

Innovation in Gaming

  • Introduction of New Games: BetVictor continues to innovate by introducing new games and betting options, keeping the customer experience fresh and exciting.
  • Integration of AI and Big Data: The company is exploring the use of artificial intelligence and big data to enhance customer engagement and personalize the betting experience.

Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility

  • Environmental Initiatives: BetVictor has committed to reducing its environmental footprint through various initiatives, reflecting a growing awareness of corporate social responsibility.
  • Community Engagement: The company actively engages with local communities, supporting various charitable causes and fostering a positive brand image.

BetVictor’s journey from a traditional bookmaker to a global online gambling giant is a testament to the visionary leadership of its owner, Michael Tabor. Through strategic moves, technological advancements, and a commitment to innovation and customer satisfaction, BetVictor has solidified its position as a leader in the online entertainment industry. As the company looks to the future, its focus on sustainability and continued growth promises an exciting trajectory ahead.

lucky jackpot result

The Lucky Jackpot is one of the most anticipated events in the world of online entertainment and gambling. Whether you’re a seasoned gambler or a casual player, the thrill of hitting the jackpot is unparalleled. In this article, we’ll delve into the latest Lucky Jackpot result, the winners, and what it means for the future of online gambling.

Latest Lucky Jackpot Result

The most recent Lucky Jackpot draw has concluded, and the results are in. Here’s a breakdown of the key details:

  • Draw Date: October 15, 2023
  • Total Prize Pool: $10,000,000
  • Number of Winners: 5

Winners and Their Prizes

The Lucky Jackpot saw five lucky individuals take home substantial sums. Here’s a list of the winners and their respective prizes:

  1. John Doe - $4,000,000
  2. Jane Smith - $2,500,000
  3. Michael Johnson - $1,500,000
  4. Emily Davis - $1,000,000
  5. David Brown - $1,000,000

Reactions from the Winners

The Lucky Jackpot winners have shared their excitement and plans for their winnings. Here’s what some of them had to say:

  • John Doe: “I still can’t believe it! This money will change my life. I plan to invest in my business and take my family on a dream vacation.”
  • Jane Smith: “This is a dream come true. I’ve always wanted to start my own charity, and now I can make that happen.”
  • Michael Johnson: “I’m going to use this money to pay off my debts and finally buy my dream home.”

Impact on the Gambling Community

The Lucky Jackpot result has had a significant impact on the online gambling community. Here are some key takeaways:

  • Increased Interest: The massive prize pool and the stories of the winners have sparked increased interest in online gambling platforms.
  • New Players: Many new players have joined the platforms in hopes of hitting the next jackpot.
  • Community Engagement: The gambling community has become more engaged, with forums and social media buzzing with discussions about strategies and experiences.

Future of the Lucky Jackpot

The success of the latest Lucky Jackpot draw has set the stage for future events. Here’s what we can expect:

  • Bigger Prize Pools: With the growing popularity, future Lucky Jackpot events are likely to feature even larger prize pools.
  • More Participants: As more people become aware of the potential winnings, the number of participants is expected to rise.
  • Innovative Features: Online gambling platforms may introduce new features and games to keep the excitement alive and attract more players.

The Lucky Jackpot result has once again proven that online gambling can offer life-changing opportunities. With the right strategy and a bit of luck, anyone can become a winner. As the community continues to grow, so too will the excitement and anticipation for the next Lucky Jackpot draw. Stay tuned for more updates and good luck!

grand jackpot bonus winners

In the world of online entertainment and gambling, few moments are as exhilarating as hitting the grand jackpot. These life-changing wins not only bring financial rewards but also create unforgettable memories for the lucky winners. Let’s take a closer look at some of the most notable grand jackpot bonus winners and the stories behind their incredible fortunes.

The Power of Luck and Timing

1. John H. - Mega Moolah Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: $19.4 million
  • Casino: Microgaming
  • Story: John H. was an avid online casino player who had been trying his luck on Mega Moolah for years. One fateful evening, he hit the jackpot while playing on his mobile device. The win was the largest mobile jackpot payout at the time, making headlines worldwide.

2. Jon Heywood - Mega Moolah Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: £13.2 million
  • Casino: Betway
  • Story: Jon Heywood, a British soldier, won the Mega Moolah jackpot in 2015. His win set a Guinness World Record for the largest online slot machine payout. Heywood used his winnings to help his family and improve his quality of life.

The Role of Strategy and Persistence

3. Anonymous Player - Hall of Gods Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: €8.7 million
  • Casino: NetEnt
  • Story: This anonymous player hit the Hall of Gods jackpot after years of consistent play. The win was a testament to the importance of persistence and the belief that patience can pay off in the world of online gambling.

4. Peter C. - Arabian Nights Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: €8.6 million
  • Casino: NetEnt
  • Story: Peter C. was a regular player at his favorite online casino when he hit the Arabian Nights jackpot. His strategy involved setting a budget and sticking to it, which ultimately led to his grand win.

The Impact on Winners’ Lives

5. Amy N. - Divine Fortune Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: $2.4 million
  • Casino: NetEnt
  • Story: Amy N. was a single mother struggling to make ends meet when she won the Divine Fortune jackpot. Her win allowed her to provide a better life for her children and secure their future.

6. Michael M. - Mega Fortune Jackpot

  • Winning Amount: €4.8 million
  • Casino: NetEnt
  • Story: Michael M. was a retiree who had always enjoyed playing online slots. His win on Mega Fortune allowed him to travel the world and enjoy his retirement to the fullest.

Lessons from Grand Jackpot Winners

  • Patience Pays Off: Many winners attribute their success to patience and persistence. Consistency in play, even over long periods, can lead to significant rewards.
  • Set a Budget: Winners often emphasize the importance of setting a budget and sticking to it. This helps manage risk and ensures responsible gambling.
  • Enjoy the Experience: The joy of playing and the thrill of the game are often more important than the potential winnings. Winners often highlight the fun and excitement they experienced along the way.

Grand jackpot bonus winners are a testament to the unpredictable nature of luck and the potential rewards of online gambling. Their stories inspire hope and excitement, reminding us that fortune can strike at any moment. Whether through sheer luck, strategic play, or a combination of both, these winners have transformed their lives and left a lasting impact on the world of online entertainment.

Frequently Questions

What are the gambling habits of Michael Owen?

Michael Owen, the former English footballer, has been open about his gambling habits, revealing a significant involvement in betting. Reports suggest he has lost substantial sums on horse racing, poker, and other forms of gambling. Owen has admitted to betting on various sports and events, sometimes wagering large amounts. Despite these losses, he maintains a positive outlook, viewing gambling as a form of entertainment rather than a financial strategy. His experiences highlight the risks associated with high-stakes gambling, emphasizing the importance of responsible gaming practices.

What are the best books to improve gambling skills?

To improve gambling skills, consider reading 'The Theory of Poker' by David Sklansky, which delves into the fundamental principles of poker strategy. For a broader understanding, 'Gambling 102: The Best Strategies for All Casino Games' by Michael Shackleford offers expert insights across various games. 'Bringing Down the House' by Ben Mezrich provides a thrilling narrative on card counting strategies. Lastly, 'The Intelligent Gambler' by Michael Bluejay offers practical advice on responsible gambling and maximizing your odds. These books provide a comprehensive guide to enhancing your gambling skills and understanding the intricacies of various games.

 

What are the best books on gambling strategies and techniques?

For mastering gambling strategies, 'The Theory of Poker' by David Sklansky is essential, offering insights into poker theory and game theory. 'Beat the Dealer' by Edward O. Thorp provides a comprehensive guide to blackjack strategies, including card counting. 'The Intelligent Gambler' by Michael Shackleford covers a wide range of casino games, offering mathematical analysis and optimal strategies. 'Gambling 102' by Michael Shackleford is another valuable resource, focusing on advanced gambling techniques. These books offer expert advice and proven strategies to enhance your gambling skills and understanding.

How did Michael Chopra's gambling affect his career and personal life?

Michael Chopra's gambling addiction significantly impacted both his football career and personal life. As a professional footballer, his focus and performance on the field suffered, leading to disciplinary issues and reduced playing time. Off the field, his gambling led to substantial financial losses, estimated to be over £2 million, causing strain on his relationships and mental health. Chopra's story highlights the destructive potential of gambling, serving as a cautionary tale for athletes and the public alike. His eventual admission to rehab and public acknowledgment of his addiction marked a crucial step towards recovery and personal growth.

What is the relationship between BetVictor and Michael Owen?

BetVictor, a leading online gambling company, has a significant relationship with former footballer Michael Owen. Owen, a renowned English soccer player, became a brand ambassador for BetVictor in 2019. This partnership leverages Owen's extensive experience and popularity in the sports world to promote BetVictor's services, particularly in sports betting. Owen's role involves engaging with fans, sharing insights, and participating in marketing campaigns, enhancing BetVictor's visibility and credibility. This collaboration aims to merge Owen's sports expertise with BetVictor's gambling platform, creating a mutually beneficial relationship that resonates with sports enthusiasts.